Shin Ajiye Makamashi zai iya kwaikwayi Mu'ujizar Ci gaban Rana da Iska?

Shin Ajiye Makamashi zai iya kwaikwayi Mu'ujizar Ci gaban Rana da Iska?

Sabbin Damarar Tiriliyan-Dala don Canjin Makamashi

Daga "Faɗawa Mai Sauri" zuwa "Ingantacciyar Ingantawa da Ƙarfi"

Ya zuwa karshen watan Fabrairun shekarar 2025, yawan wutar lantarkin da kasar Sin ta yi amfani da shi na hasken rana da iska ya zarce kilowatt biliyan 1.456 da miliyan 40, lamarin da ya buge wutar lantarki a karon farko da ya zama babbar hanyar samar da makamashi a kasar. Hasken rana ya ci gaba da haɓaka tare da haɓaka sama da 17.6% a kowace shekara, wanda ayyukan da aka rarraba da kayan aikin ginin tushe masu yawa ke gudana akan ma'auni. Ko da yake ci gaban wutar lantarki ya ragu zuwa 61% saboda takunkumin aiki da hawan gine-gine, iskar bakin teku da sabunta injinan injinan da suka tsufa sun kasance masu haifar da ci gaba na dogon lokaci. Koyaya, canjin yanayin abubuwan sabuntawa da matsalolin haɗin grid sun ƙaru, tare da matsakaicin sa'o'in amfani da na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki ya ragu da sa'o'i 33.5 daga shekarar da ta gabata. Wannan ya tilasta haɓakar saka hannun jarin grid ya karu zuwa XNUMX%, yana sanya ajiyar makamashi a cikin tabo a matsayin babban “cibiyar gudanarwa.”

Daga "Manufa-Karfafa" zuwa "Ganewar Ƙimar"

Ya zuwa shekarar 2024, yawan karfin shigar da sabbin nau'ikan makamashin makamashi (watau batura) a kasar Sin ya kai 74.66 GW, wanda ya karu da kashi 131.86% a duk shekara, kuma ya zama babban nau'in, wanda ya maye gurbin rumbun adana ruwa. Irin wannan saurin girma yana haɓaka ta dalilai masu zuwa:

Ƙirƙirar fasaha da raguwar farashi: Farashin baturi na Lithium-ion ya faɗi sama da kashi 60% tun daga 2020, kuma 300 MW-class matsakaitan ma'ajiyar iska da fasahohin ma'ajiyar gardama sun shigo cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu, haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin da kashi 3-5%.

Ƙarfafa manufofi: Tsari na shekaru biyar na 14 don Haɓaka Sabbin Ajiye Makamashi Na Nau'in Makamashi ya gabatar da maƙasudin ma'auni nan da shekarar 2025, tare da na'urorin yanki kamar ramuwa mai ƙarfi da farashin kwari don haɗa ajiya cikin kasuwannin wutar lantarki.

Abubuwan buƙatun grid da aikace-aikace iri-iri: Yayin da adadin abubuwan sabuntawa ya haye kashi 50% na ƙarfin da aka shigar, buƙatun sassaucin grid ya ratsa cikin rufin. Ma'aji yanzu yana aiwatar da mahimman ayyuka a cikin amfani kamar watsawar tushe mai sabuntawa, aske kololuwar masana'antu/na kasuwanci, da samar da wutar lantarki na gaggawa. A lokacin kololuwar lokacin bazara na 2024, ajiya ya kai kashi 45% na zagayowar caji/fitowar ƙasa, fiye da kashi 85% a wasu larduna.

Daban-daban Daban Daban Girman Dabaru da Kalubale

Kodayake duka biyun suna jin daɗin lakabin makamashi mai tsabta, abubuwan sabuntawa da ajiya suna bin hanyoyi daban-daban:

Haɓakar kasuwa: Hasken rana/iska suna da tallafi da daidaita farashin da za a dogara da su, yayin da ajiya dole ne a sami riba akan ƙimar kuɗi ta kasuwannin wutar lantarki.

Hanyoyi na fasaha: Fasahar hasken rana/iska sune takamaiman samfurin-layi (misali, silicon PV, injin injin da ake ciyar da su sau biyu), yayin da ajiya ke bambanta (lithium, batura masu gudana, iska mai matsewa, da sauransu).

Samfurin shiga shiga: Sabuntawa suna jin daɗin kuɗaɗen ciyarwa, yayin da ma'ajiyar ta ke shiga cikin rafuka da yawa: daidaitawar makamashi, sabis na tallafi, da hayar iya aiki.

Kalubalen na yanzu sun haɗa da rashin amfani (yawan ƙarfin aiki 30% akan wasu ayyuka), abubuwan da suka faru na aminci da ke haifar da asarar kwarin gwiwa, da hanyoyin aikawa da yanki da ba a gama ba. Manufofin kamar Dokar Makamashi ta 2024, duk da haka, suna haɓaka hanyoyin tushen kasuwa don amfani da ajiya a cikin juriyar grid da biyan iya aiki.

Ina Aka nufa Ajiya?

Hasashen masana'antu na ganin sabon nau'in ajiyar makamashi na kasar Sin zai kai 220 GW a shekarar 2030, tare da girman kasuwa ya wuce tiriliyan 3. Hanyoyi guda uku sune tushen wannan hangen nesa:

Abubuwan bukatu na zamani na Grid: Sabuntawa zai zama dubun biliyoyin kilowatts a cikin 2060, tare da adanawa ya zama ƙarshen haɗewar “ƙarni-grid-load-storage”.

Bambance-bambancen fasaha: Batir sodium-ion, ajiyar nauyi, da sauran fasahohin sun riga sun kasance cikin matakan gwaji, yayin da farashin ajiyar dogon lokaci (4+ hours) zai faɗi da 40%.

Fadada kasa da kasa: Kaso 90% na duk batirin ajiyar lithium na duniya kamfanonin kasar Sin ne ke kera su, tare da buoyanti a kasuwanni kamar kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Afirka ta Kudu da ke kara habaka masana'anta.

Ajiye Ba “Wani Rana/Iska Ba” - Shine “Sabon Kayan Aiki” na juyin juya halin makamashi

Yayin da hasken rana da iska ke ba da "tsara," ajiya yana kula da "kwantar da hankali." Juyin halittarsa ​​ya dogara da sauye-sauyen kasuwar wutar lantarki, balagaggen fasaha, da tarwatsa shari'o'in amfani. Kamar yadda manufofi, kasuwanni, da ƙirƙira ke haɗuwa, adanawa yana kan wani yanayi daban-daban daga abubuwan sabuntawa kuma yana tsaye a kan gaɓar zama mafi girman kan iyaka na dala tiriliyan a gasar tsaka-tsakin carbon.